How often must a Betta fish go up the surface to breathe?


My Betta fish goes up to the surface every 10 to 30 seconds to breathe. Is this normal?

How often will depend a lot on the conditions in which they're kept. They have a labyrinth organ which ALLOWS them to breathe air at the surface, but they also have gills, which allows them to extract dissolved oxygen from the water. So how often they will breathe at the surface depends mostly on:

1) If you have a filter or airstone to circulate dissolved oxygen throughout the water – if you don't use these, they'll need to surface more often, because they need to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen at the surface.

2) Temperature – as the water temperature increases, it holds less dissolved oxygen, but the metabolism of the fish increases, so they require more oxygen. Bettas should have a temperature between 76-86oF, but I prefert o keep mine at 76-80o unless I'm breeding them.

3) Water Quality – if the fish is in a bowl rather than a tank, products of it's metabolism (ammonia and nitrite) which are toxic to the fish in relatively small amounts build up faster. Both of these are toxic in that they interfere with the ability of a fish to extract oxygen from the water using it's gills and bind it to receptors in the bloodstream to be carried where needed in the body. This makes the fish "gasp" for air at the surface. (If in a bowl, you should be doing 100% water changes every 2-3 days.)

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